The treatment of multiple myeloma in Kolkata is multifaceted and depends on factors such as the stage of the disease, patient health, and the presence of symptoms. Treatment strategies typically involve a combination of therapies aimed at controlling the disease, managing symptoms, and prolonging survival. Here’s an overview of the main treatment options:
1. Chemotherapy
- Purpose: Chemotherapy drugs are used to kill or slow the growth of myeloma cells.
- Common Drugs: Melphalan, Cyclophosphamide, and others.
- Administration: Can be given orally or intravenously, often in combination with other treatments.
2. Targeted Therapy
- Purpose: These drugs specifically target abnormal proteins or pathways in myeloma cells.
- Common Drugs:
- Proteasome Inhibitors: Bortezomib (Velcade), Carfilzomib (Kyprolis), and Ixazomib (Ninlaro).
- Monoclonal Antibodies: Daratumumab (Darzalex), Elotuzumab (Empliciti).
- Immunomodulatory Drugs (IMiDs): Thalidomide, Lenalidomide (Revlimid), Pomalidomide (Pomalyst).
3. Immunotherapy for Multiple Myeloma Treatment in Kolkata
- Purpose: Helps the immune system recognize and destroy myeloma cells.
- CAR T-cell Therapy: A newer approach where a patient’s T-cells are genetically modified to attack myeloma cells.
- Bispecific Antibodies: Engage both T-cells and myeloma cells to enhance immune response.
4. Stem Cell Transplantation for Multiple Myeloma Treatment in Kolkata
- Autologous Stem Cell Transplant (ASCT): This is a common treatment for eligible patients. The patient’s own stem cells are harvested, and then high-dose chemotherapy is administered to eliminate the myeloma cells. The harvested stem cells are then returned to the patient to help rebuild the bone marrow.
- Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplant: Involves using stem cells from a donor. This is less common due to higher risks but may be considered in certain cases.
5. Radiation Therapy for Multiple Myeloma Treatment in Kolkata
- Purpose: Used to relieve pain or treat areas where there is a localized concentration of myeloma cells (e.g., bone lesions).
- Application: Typically used for palliative care or in combination with other therapies.
6. Corticosteroids for Multiple Myeloma Treatment in Kolkata
- Purpose: Drugs like dexamethasone and prednisone are used to kill myeloma cells and reduce inflammation.
- Usage: Often combined with other therapies.
7. Supportive Treatments for Multiple Myeloma Treatment in Kolkata
- Bone Health: Bisphosphonates (e.g., Zoledronic acid) or Denosumab to strengthen bones and reduce the risk of fractures.
- Infection Prevention: Vaccinations and antibiotics to prevent infections.
- Pain Management: Analgesics and other pain-relief measures.
- Treatment of Anemia: Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) or blood transfusions to manage anemia.
8. Clinical Trials
- Purpose: Participation in clinical trials may provide access to new and emerging treatments that are not yet widely available.
- Consideration: Discuss with your healthcare provider to determine if a clinical trial is appropriate.
9. Maintenance Therapy
- Purpose: After achieving remission, maintenance therapy (often with drugs like Lenalidomide) may be used to prolong the period of remission and delay disease progression.
10. Lifestyle and Supportive Care
- Purpose: Includes nutritional support, exercise, and psychosocial care to improve overall well-being and quality of life during treatment.
Treatment Decisions:
The choice of treatment depends on individual factors, including:
- Stage of Disease: Newly diagnosed, relapsed, or refractory multiple myeloma.
- Patient’s Age and Overall Health: Younger, healthier patients may be eligible for more aggressive treatments like stem cell transplantation.
- Genetic Markers: Certain genetic abnormalities may influence the choice of treatment.
Monitoring:
Regular follow-ups and monitoring are essential to assess the effectiveness of treatment, manage side effects, and make adjustments as needed.
If you have specific questions about any of these Multiple Myeloma Treatment in Kolkata or need more detailed information, feel free to ask Best Oncologist in Kolkata Dr Satadru Biswas